Everything about Monatomic totally explained
In
physics and
chemistry,
monatomic is a combination of the words "mono" and "atomic," and means "single
atom." It is usually applied to
gases: a
monatomic gas is one in which atoms are not bound to each other.
Under
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), all of the
noble gases are monatomic. These are
helium,
neon,
argon,
krypton,
xenon and
radon. The heavier noble gases can form compounds, but the lighter ones are unreactive. All elements will be monatomic in the gas phase at sufficiently large temperatures.
The only mode of motion of a monatomic gas is translation (electronic excitation isn't important at room temperature). Thus in an
adiabatic process, monatomic gases have an idealised
-factor (C
p/C
v) of
, as opposed to
for ideal
diatomic gases where rotation (but not vibration at room temperature) also contributes, and:
» The heat capacity for monatomic gases at constant pressure (C
P) is 2.5 R = 20.8 J.mol
-1.K
-1
The heat capacity for monatomic gases at constant volume (C
V) is 1.5 R = 12.5 J.mol
-1.K
-1
where R is the
gas constant.
Solids can also form monatomic powders when chemically seperated from other materials. However, this is rare when removed through precipitation.
Further Information
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